On This Day: 23 January

23 January in Indian history

• 1870American Indian Wars: In the Marias Massacre, the United States Army killed about 200 Piegan Blackfeet, mostly women, children, and the elderly.India

23 January in world history

• 2018The China–United States trade war begins when President Donald Trump places tariffs on Chinese solar panels and washing machines.
• 2003The final signal was detected from the NASA space probe Pioneer 10, then about 12 billion kilometres (7.5 billion miles) from Earth.
• 2002American journalist Daniel Pearl was kidnapped and later murdered by al-Qaeda agents in Karachi, Pakistan.
• 2001Five people attempted to set themselves on fire in Tiananmen Square, Beijing, an act that many later claimed to have been staged by the Chinese Communist Party to frame Falun Gong and thus escalate their persecution.
• 1998Netscape announces Mozilla, with the intention to release Communicator code as open source.
• 1986The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame inducts its first members: Little Richard, Chuck Berry, James Brown, Ray Charles, Sam Cooke, Fats Domino, The Everly Brothers, Buddy Holly, Jerry Lee Lewis and Elvis Presley.
• 1967Milton Keynes (England) is founded as a new town by Order in Council, with a planning brief to become a city of 250,000 people. Its initial designated area enclosed three existing towns and twenty-one villages. The area to be developed was largely farmland, wi
• 1963The Guinea-Bissau War of Independence officially begins when PAIGC guerrilla fighters attack the Portuguese Army stationed in Tite.
• 1942World War II: Japan began an invasion of the island of New Britain in the Australian Territory of New Guinea.
• 1941Charles Lindbergh testifies before the U.S. Congress and recommends that the United States negotiate a neutrality pact with Adolf Hitler.
• 1922The first successful treatment with insulin is given to 14-year-old diabetic Leonard Thompson.
• 1915Rebels led by John Chilembwe attacked local plantation owners, beginning an uprising regarded as a key moment in the history of Malawi.
• 1909RMS Republic, a passenger ship of the White Star Line, becomes the first ship to use the CQD distress signal after colliding with another ship, the SS Florida, off the Massachusetts coastline, an event that kills six people. The Republic sinks the next day.
• 1899The Malolos Constitution is inaugurated, establishing the First Philippine Republic. Emilio Aguinaldo is sworn in as its first president.
• 1793The Russian Empire and the Kingdom of Prussia partitioned the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth for the second time.
• 1579The Union of Utrecht forms a Protestant republic in the Netherlands.
• 1264King Louis IX of France issued the Mise of Amiens, a settlement between King Henry III of England and barons led by Simon de Montfort heavily favouring the former, which later led to the Second Barons' War.

Born on 23 January

• 1938Giant Baba, Japanese wrestler and promoter, founded All Japan Pro Wrestling (died 1999)
• 1926Bal Thackeray, Indian journalist, cartoonist, and politician (died 2012)India
• 1918Gertrude B. Elion, American biochemist and pharmacologist, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1999)
• 1897Subhas Chandra Bose, Indian freedom fighter and politician (died 1945)India
• 1894Jyotirmoyee Devi, Indian author (died 1988)India
• 1737John Hancock, American general and politician, first Governor of Massachusetts (died 1793)

Died on 23 January

• 1985James Beard, American chef and cookbook author for whom the James Beard Foundation Awards are named (born 1905)
• 1981Samuel Barber, American pianist and composer (born 1910)
• 1806William Pitt the Younger, English politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (born 1759)
• 1805Claude Chappe, French engineer (born 1763)

Frequently asked questions

What happened on 23 January in history?

2018: The China–United States trade war begins when President Donald Trump places tariffs on Chinese solar panels and washing machines. 2003: The final signal was detected from the NASA space probe Pioneer 10, then about 12 billion kilometres (7.5 billion miles) from Earth. 2002: American journalist Daniel Pearl was kidnapped and later murdered by al-Qaeda agents in Karachi, Pakistan. 2001: Five people attempted to set themselves on fire in Tiananmen Square, Beijing, an act that many later claimed to have been staged by the Chinese Communist Party to frame Falun Gong and thus escalate their persecution.

What happened on 23 January in Indian history?

1870: American Indian Wars: In the Marias Massacre, the United States Army killed about 200 Piegan Blackfeet, mostly women, children, and the elderly.

Which famous people were born on 23 January?

Giant Baba, Japanese wrestler and promoter, founded All Japan Pro Wrestling (died 1999) (1938); Bal Thackeray, Indian journalist, cartoonist, and politician (died 2012) (1926); Gertrude B. Elion, American biochemist and pharmacologist, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1999) (1918); Subhas Chandra Bose, Indian freedom fighter and politician (died 1945) (1897).

Which day is observed on 23 January?

Parakram Diwas; Bounty Day (Pitcairn Islands); Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose's Jayanti (Assam, Orissa, Tripura, and West Bengal, India); World Freedom Day (Taiwan and South Korea).