Which part of the Constitution contains Article 12?

Article 12 is in Part III (Fundamental Rights), under "General".

Part III · Fundamental Rights · General

Article 12: Definition

Q: What does Article 12 of the Indian Constitution say?

Article 12 deals with definition. In this Part, unless the context otherwise requires, "the State" includes the Government and Parliament of India and the Government and the Legislature of each of the States and all local or other authorities within the territory of India or under the control of the Government of India.

Official text as on 1 May 2024

Text of Article 12

In this Part, unless the context otherwise requires, "the State" includes the Government and Parliament of India and the Government and the Legislature of each of the States and all local or other authorities within the territory of India or under the control of the Government of India.

Words in [square brackets] were inserted or substituted by later amendments (see below). Source: Legislative Department, Ministry of Law and Justice, Government of India

A plain-English explanation of Article 12, landmark judgments and exam facts are being added to this page.

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